Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting and receiving independent signals over a common signal path by means of synchronized switches at each end of the transmission line so that each signal appears on the line only a fraction of time in an alternating pattern. (Source: wikipedia). Nowadays, there are some subscriber that still use TDM circuit for interconnection their network with service provider. If you are vendor working with NOKIA/Alcatel-lucent or you are operator that use 7705 SAR in your edge network. It's better to know. How to configure, and how to verify your MPLS transport can carry TDM Traffic as well.
For the basic concept TDM, I hope you're done. So for this step, We will focus with how to make the service that emulate TDM traffic. If it's the first time with TDM. I recommend to read the article or maybe information from ITU-T G series.
Nokia 7705 SAR-8 has media dependent adapter that support TDM channel. and Nokia 7705 SARF has 16 port TDM channel. That port can be used as Service Access Port (SAP) to carry TDM service over MPLS (Usually called Circuit Emulation Service) or in Nokia we called CPIPE Service. Or that port can be used as Interface port that interconnection with TDM Transport Carrier, like SDH Network Transport or Microwave link that used E1/T1 interface.
Note to remember, TDM need time synchronization to deliver the traffic. and it's mandatory, without time synchronization, TDM traffic can't deliver correctly, maybe some issue will be triggered, like overun and underun, FAS, (Please refer to TDM alarm information for further information )
Hardware Preparation
7705 SAR-8 and SARF have different module to running TDM, For 7705 SAR-8, we need module to running TDM service, there are:
- 16-port T1/E1 ASAP Adapter card
- 32-port T1/E1 ASAP Adapter card
- 12-port Serial Data Interface card
- 6-port E&M Adapter card
- 2-port OC3/STM1 Channelized Adapter card
- 4-port OC3/STM1 Channelized Adapter card
- 4-port DS3/E3 Adapter card
- 8-port Voice & Teleprotection card
- 4-port T1/E1 and RS-232 Combination module
- 8-port FXO Adapter card
- 6-port FXS Adapter card
Usually there are some separation, to make differentiation between customer domain and provider domain. Maybe some of you call it Point Of Interconnection (POI). We need (Digital Distribution Frame) DDF for this. DDF is termination point device that connect between Service Provider Device with Customer Device or Router device with Transport Device.
The LSA DDF have two part, customer pin (Cable From Customer) and router pin (Cable From SAR-8 and SAR-F). To make it connected, TX customer should be facing with RX router and vice versa. From SAR-8 that using E1/T1 16 Port module, we need E1/T1 cable. It has 2 cable contain TX and RX like picture below.
- One LSA Block serve 5 E1 Channel/Port
- Each Port has Tx and Rx
- Each Sub-bundle cable contains 4 cable.
- Each Sub-bundle cable contains 2 port
- Each Tx and Rx using 2 cable from E1/T1 cable, for mapping you may see the table above
- Tx and Rx must be cross pair, it means, If the RX cable using white-blue, so the Tx cable using Turquoise-Violet (Please see the table to help you understand)
- On The LSA, mapping the Rx cable first ( MAP-1) then continue with the Tx cable (MAP-2)
How about the 7705 SAR-F port? Like mentioned before, E1/T1 ports in SAR-F are integrated port. There are 16 port like ethernet port but have different pin. It's easy to mapping on the LSA block. Because they no need to E1/T1 cable. Usually, you may use utp cat-5 or something else. Below, the pin configuration on SAR-F E1/T1 port.
Pre-Configuration Procedure
Before we try next step, make sure IGP, MPLS, RSVP (if need it) were established. (I'll try to explain to build mpls network in other post).
Below the Topology,
To achieve the synchronization transport. TDM Customer Equipment must have same clock source with TDM Transport. In Nokia 7750-SAR8 and Nokia 7750-SARF, to receive clock information. We need to configuration system sync clock under system sync-if-timing configuration. The configuration is like below (Note: in this case, I use external as clock source, it's mean, we use clock source device as sync time reference) :
A:LAB-7705-SAR8# configure system sync-if-timing
Before editing, you must type begin,*A:LAB-7705-SAR8>config>system>sync-if-timing# begin
After that, you type external, it's means you want to use external source clock reference. ref-order external ref1 ref2
external
input-interface
no shutdown
exit
exit
Then Save the configuration changeA:LAB-7705-SAR8# /admin save
For external clock port position, in your Nokia 7705-SAR8 put in CSM (Control Switch Module). See the red circle below. One port as input then other port is output to other device or to standby CSM (Note: Nokia 7705-SAR8 using 2 CSM, for redundancy).
A:LAB-7705-SAR8# show system sync-if-timing
The source clock system status must uup and the system status CSM A must Master Lock, It's mean the clock is stable and sync with clock source. In other means, the clock quality is good. Verify with command "show system sync-if-timing"
*A:LAB-7705-SAR8# show system sync-if-timing =============================================================================== System Interface Timing Operational Info =============================================================================== System Status CSM A : Master Locked Reference Input Mode : Non-revertive Quality Level Selection : Disabled Reference Order : external ref1 ref2 Reference Input 1 Admin Status : down Configured Quality Level : none Rx Quality Level : unknown Qualified For Use : No Not Qualified Due To : disabled Selected For Use : No Not Selected Due To : disabled Source Port : None Reference Input 2 Admin Status : down Configured Quality Level : none Rx Quality Level : unknown Qualified For Use : No Not Qualified Due To : disabled Selected For Use : No Not Selected Due To : disabled Source Port : None External Reference Input Admin Status : up Configured Quality Level : stu Qualified For Use : Yes Selected For Use : Yes Type : 2048Khz-G703 Impedance : 50-Ohm External Reference Output Type : 2048Khz-G703 =============================================================================== *A:LAB-7705-SAR8#
Configuration Procedure
In configuration procedure, we will do several step, like configuration access port, in Nokia we call it SAP (Service Access Point). Configuration Between SAR-F and SAR-8 is same. The Port Allocation like below:
| SAR-8 Port | SAR-F Port | |
| port 1/1/1.1 | port 1/1/1.1 |
A:LAB-7705-SAR8>config>port# info
----------------------------------------------
tdm
e1
framing e1-unframed
channel-group 1
encap-type cem
no shutdown
exit
no shutdown
exit
exit
no shutdown
----------------------------------------------
A:LAB-7705-SAR8>config>port#
The port configuration in SAR-FA:LAB-7705-SARF>config>port# info
----------------------------------------------
tdm
e1
framing e1-unframed
channel-group 1
encap-type cem
no shutdown
exit
no shutdown
exit
exit
no shutdown
----------------------------------------------
A:LAB-7705-SARF>config>port#
Creating cpipe service:using satop-e1, we use this because we deliver E1 unframed traffic, not channelized traffic.
CPIPE Service in 7705-SAR8A:LAB-7705-SAR8# configure service cpipe 11 vc-type satop-e1 create A:LAB-7705-SAR8>config>service>cpipe# info ---------------------------------------------- description "satop unframe to sar-f" sap 1/1/1.1 create exit spoke-sdp 11:11 create exit no shutdown ---------------------------------------------- A:LAB-7705-SAR8>config>service>cpipe#CPIPE Service in 7705-SAR8F
A:LAB-7705-SARF# configure service cpipe 11 vc-type satop-e1 create A:LAB-7705-SARF>config>service>cpipe# info ---------------------------------------------- description "satop unframe to sar8" sap 1/1/1.1 create exit spoke-sdp 11:11 create exit no shutdown ---------------------------------------------- A:LAB-7705-SARF>config>service>cpipe#After create the service, you may verify using several command below:
1. Make sure the service up (administrative and operation), to check, do command: /show service service-using cpipe
2. Make sure SAP and SDP tunnel is up. do command : /show service id <service id> base
3. Make sure no error on SAP, using command: /show service id 11 sap <port id>.<channel group> detail
A:LAB-7705-SARF# /show service service-using cpipe
===============================================================================
Services [cpipe]
===============================================================================
ServiceId Type Adm Opr CustomerId Service Name
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11 Cpipe Up Up 1
12 Cpipe Up Up 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Matching Services : 2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
===============================================================================
A:LAB-7705-SARF# show service id 11 base
===============================================================================
Service Basic Information
===============================================================================
Service Id : 11
Service Type : Cpipe VLL Type : SAToPE1
Name : (Not Specified)
Description : satop unframe ke sar8
Customer Id : 1
Last Status Change: 07/14/2013 11:52:52
Last Mgmt Change : 07/14/2013 11:52:52
Admin State : Up Oper State : Up
MTU : 1514
Vc Switching : False
SAP Count : 1 SDP Bind Count : 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service Access & Destination Points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Identifier Type AdmMTU OprMTU Adm Opr
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sap:1/1/1.1 cem 1514 1514 Up Up
sdp:11:11 S(192.168.200.4) n/a 0 1546 Up Up
===============================================================================
A:LAB-7705-SARF# show service id 11 sap 1/1/1.1 detail
===============================================================================
Service Access Points(SAP)
===============================================================================
Service Id : 11
SAP : 1/1/1.1 Encap : cem
Description : (Not Specified)
Admin State : Up Oper State : Up
Flags : None
Multi Svc Site : None
Last Status Change : 07/14/2013 11:52:52
Last Mgmt Change : 07/14/2013 11:39:56
Sub Type : regular
Split Horizon Group: (Not Specified)
Admin MTU : 1514 Oper MTU : 1514
Ingr IP Fltr-Id : n/a Egr IP Fltr-Id : n/a
Ingr Mac Fltr-Id : n/a Egr Mac Fltr-Id : n/a
Ingr IPv6 Fltr-Id : n/a Egr IPv6 Fltr-Id : n/a
tod-suite : None qinq-pbit-marking : n/a
Ing Scheduler Mode : 4-priority Egr Scheduler Mode: 4-priority
Endpoint : N/A
Acct. Pol : None Collect Stats : Disabled
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
QOS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ingress qos-policy : 1 Egress qos-policy : 1
Shared Q plcy : n/a Multipoint shared : Disabled
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sap Statistics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Last Cleared Time : N/A
Packets Octets
Forwarding Engine Stats
Dropped : 0 0
Off. HiPrio : 569094 145688064
Off. LowPrio : n/a n/a
Queueing Stats(Ingress QoS Policy 1)
Dro. HiPrio : 0 0
Dro. LowPrio : n/a n/a
For. InProf : 569094 145688064
For. OutProf : 0 0
Queueing Stats(Egress QoS Policy 1)
Dro. InProf : n/a n/a
Dro. OutProf : n/a n/a
For. InProf : n/a n/a
For. OutProf : n/a n/a
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sap per Queue stats
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Packets Octets
Ingress Queue 1 (Priority)
Off. HiPrio : 569094 145688064
Off. LoPrio : n/a n/a
Dro. HiPrio : 0 0
Dro. LoPrio : n/a n/a
For. InProf : 569094 145688064
For. OutProf : 0 0
Egress Queue 1
For. InProf : n/a n/a
For. OutProf : n/a n/a
Dro. InProf : n/a n/a
Dro. OutProf : n/a n/a
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEM SAP Configuration Information
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Endpoint Type : Unstruct. E1 Bit-rate : 32
Payload Size : 256 Jitter Buffer (ms) : 5
Jitter Buffer (packets): 5 Playout Threshold (packets): 3
Use RTP Header : No Differential : No
Timestamp Freq : 0 CAS Framing : No CAS
Effective PDVT : +/-2.0 ms
Cfg Alarm : stray malformed pktloss overrun underrun
Alarm Status :
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CEM SAP Statistics
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Packets Seconds Events
Egress Stats
Forwarded : 599374
Dropped : 0
Missing : 0
Reordered Forwarded : 0
Underrun : 713678 1
Overrun : 0 0
Misordered Dropped : 0
Malformed Dropped : 0
LBit Dropped : 0
Error : 0
Severely Error : 0
Unavailable : 699
Failure Count : 1
Jitter Buffer Depth : 2
Ingress Stats
Forwarded : 599377
Dropped : 0
===============================================================================
A:LAB-7705-SARF#
Okay, This is simple configuration how to Make CPIPE to carry TDM traffic from customer over MPLS netwrok in Nokia 7705-SAR
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